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- where and are the charges on the
- atoms, r is the distance between them,
- and eo is the permittivity constant and
- has a value of .
- and can each be expressed as the
- product of the unit charge and an integer.
- The unit charge is .
- If this magnitude is factored out of
- and , then the charge on an atom
- can be expressed an integer. For example,
- a calcium 2+ ion would have a charge of +2,
- while an oxygen 2- ion would have a charge
- of -2. Additionally, calculations are usually
- performed with energy per mole.
- The chart at right shows the dramatic drop
- in potential energy that occurs when two
- oppositely charged atoms form an ionic
- bond.
-
-